Improvement of CIGS solar cells with high performance transparent conducting Ti-doped GaZnO thin films

These devices demonstrated the superior optoelectronic properties of GTZO TCO thin films and the effectiveness of Ti-doping in GaZnO. The CIGS solar cells with high-performance GTZO TCOs exhibited a superior conversion efficiency of 9.1% and on average, a high external quantum efficiency of 87.1% in the wavelength range from 550 to 1100 nm. The performance of these devices demonstrated in this study indicated that GTZO TCO thin films can be used for developing high-performance CIGS solar cells.