کد مقاله کد نشریه سال انتشار مقاله انگلیسی نسخه تمام متن
10157860 1666489 2018 13 صفحه PDF دانلود رایگان
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله ISI
Influences of environmental factors on fruiting body induction, development and maturation in mushroom-forming fungi
ترجمه فارسی عنوان
تأثیر عوامل محیطی بر القاء، رشد و بلوغ بدن در رشد قارچ های قارچی
کلمات کلیدی
بدن بارور جاذبه زمین، سبک، تغذیه زناشویی، درجه حرارت،
موضوعات مرتبط
علوم زیستی و بیوفناوری علوم کشاورزی و بیولوژیک علوم کشاورزی و بیولوژیک (عمومی)
چکیده انگلیسی
Mushroom-forming fungi (restricted to basidiomycetous fungi in this review) differentiate by sensing several environmental factors for fruiting body formation. For fruiting body induction, nutrient, temperature and light conditions are critical environmental factors. Higher nitrogen and carbon sources in the media will suppress fruiting body induction in many mushroom-forming fungi, with induction being triggered by lower nitrogen and carbon concentrations. Low temperature or temperature downshift is another critical influencing factor for fruiting body induction in many cultivated mushrooms, such as Flammulina velutipes, Lentinula edodes, and Volvariella volvacea. Fungal response toward starvation and cold involves the production of sexual spores as the next generation. Species like F. velutipes and Coprinopsis cinerea can form fruiting bodies in the dark; however, light accelerates fruiting body induction in some mushroom-forming fungi. Remarkably, fruiting bodies formed in the dark have tiny or no pileus on heads (called dark stipe, pinhead fruiting body, or etiolated stipe). Light is essential for pileus differentiation in many, but not all mushroom species; one exception is Agaricus bisporus. Mushrooms have positive phototropism and negative gravitropism for effective dispersal of spores. Carbon dioxide concentrations also affect fruiting body development; pileus differentiation is suppressed at a high concentration of carbon dioxide. Thus, the pileus differentiation system of mushrooms may allow the most effective diffusion of spores. Full expansion of the pileus is followed by pileus autolysis or senescence. In C. cinerea, pileus autolysis occurs during spore diffusion. Fruiting body senescence, browning of gill, and softening occur after harvesting in several mushroom species. Fruiting body induction, development, and maturation in mushroom-forming fungi are discussed in this review.
ناشر
Database: Elsevier - ScienceDirect (ساینس دایرکت)
Journal: Fungal Biology Reviews - Volume 32, Issue 4, September 2018, Pages 236-248
نویسندگان
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