کد مقاله | کد نشریه | سال انتشار | مقاله انگلیسی | نسخه تمام متن |
---|---|---|---|---|
11003091 | 1453362 | 2018 | 8 صفحه PDF | دانلود رایگان |
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله ISI
Physical and cognitive capabilities of children during operation and evacuation of a school bus emergency roof hatch
ترجمه فارسی عنوان
توانایی های فیزیکی و شناختی کودکان در هنگام عملیات و تخلیه یک سقف اضطراری اضطراری اضطراری
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کلمات کلیدی
تصادفات، خطای انسانی، ارگونومی فیزیکی، شناخت، رول، ابزارها فرزندان، حمل و نقل سطحی،
موضوعات مرتبط
مهندسی و علوم پایه
مهندسی شیمی
بهداشت و امنیت شیمی
چکیده انگلیسی
While many school bus routes exclusively transport kindergarten, first, and second grade (K-2) children, school bus emergency exits are designed based on the physical capabilities of an average adult male. This makes the usability of emergency exits less than optimal for K-2 children. The objective of this study was to determine if children in (K-2) are capable of opening and evacuating from a school bus roof hatch in an emergency rollover scenario. Maximum push force exertions of 91â¯K-2 students were measured during operation of a typical school bus emergency roof hatch (designed to meet Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard [FMVSS] No. 217 specifications). Ability to read and comprehend emergency-related words and roof hatch operating instructions was also evaluated for 58 students. Forty-two percent (42%) of kindergarten students were unable to exert the maximum permissible design force (89â¯N) necessary to operate the roof hatch. Only 20% of the participants in kindergarten were able to open the roof hatch. In a controlled environment, the majority of students (96%) were willing and able to self-extricate through the opening. However, only 33% of students had the cognitive skills necessary to understand how to open the roof hatch. Eighty-nine percent (89%) of participants who completed both the physical and cognitive aspects of the study were unable to successfully operate the school bus roof hatch.
ناشر
Database: Elsevier - ScienceDirect (ساینس دایرکت)
Journal: Safety Science - Volume 110, Part A, December 2018, Pages 265-272
Journal: Safety Science - Volume 110, Part A, December 2018, Pages 265-272
نویسندگان
Yousif Abulhassan, Jerry Davis, Richard Sesek, Aimee Callender, Mark Schall, Sean Gallagher,