Photovoltaic generation forecast for power transmission scheduling: A real case study

Since in Italy the costs of imbalances resulting from distributed PV are borne by ratepayers, these costs are estimated to be respectively 2.3% and 15% of the average electricity bill at 7% and 45% penetration if the reference scheduling is used. When applying the new model these costs are respectively reduced to 1.2% and 8.5%.