Paraoxonase-1 arylesterase activity is an independent predictor of myeloperoxidase levels in overweight patients with or without cardiovascular complications

• Hyperlipidemic patients with vascular complications had higher MPO levels.
• MPO levels showed a negative correlation with PON1 arylesterase activity.
• MPO levels showed positive correlations with MMP-9 and TIMP-1 levels.
• PON1 arylesterase activity was found to be an independent predictor of MPO levels.
• MPO, MMP-9 levels and PON1 activity may be useful atherosclerosis markers.

ObjectivesMyeloperoxidase (MPO), matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) were shown to contribute to atherogenesis, while human paraoxonase-1 (PON1) protects against oxidative stress. Although several studies investigated these biomarkers, their associations have not been completely clarified yet. We aimed to investigate these parameters in overweight hyperlipidemic, lipid-lowering therapy-naive patients (n = 167) with and without vascular complications.Design and methodsMPO, MMP-9 and TIMP-1 levels were measured by ELISA. PON1 activities were detected spectrophotometrically. PON1 phenotype was calculated by using a dual substrate method.ResultsPatients with vascular complications (VC) had significantly higher MPO and TIMP-1 levels compared to those without (patients with no vascular complications; NVC) (728 (367.25–1177.90) mg/ml vs. 315.9 (176.05–687.40) mg/ml; p < 0.001; and 172.7 (157.7–197.7) ng/ml vs. 152.6 (129.3–172.3) ng/ml; p < 0.0001; respectively). MPO levels showed a significant negative correlation with PON1 arylesterase activity (whole patient group (W): r = 0.42, p < 0.0001; VC: r = 0.44, p = 0.01; NVC: r = 0.39, p < 0.0001) and positive correlations with MMP-9 (W: r = 0.37, p < 0.0001; VC: r = 0.29, p = 0.07; NVC: r = 0.42, p < 0.0001) and TIMP-1 (W: r = 0.42, p < 0.0001; VC: r = 0.33, p < 0.05; NVC: r = 0.41, p < 0.0001), respectively. PON1 arylesterase activity was found to be an independent predictor of MPO levels in the whole patient group (β = − 0.350, p < 0.0001) or when studied separately in the subgroups with or without cardiovascular complications (VC: β = − 0.57, p < 0.05; NVC: β = − 0.33, p < 0.0001).ConclusionsOur results suggest that parallel investigation of MPO, MMP-9 and TIMP-1 levels and PON1 arylesterase activity may be a more accurate indicator of atherosclerosis, which may allow earlier treatment and therefore, improvement of treatment efficacy.

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