A conceptual definition of quality of life with a left ventricular assist device: Results from a qualitative study

ObjectiveTo develop a conceptual definition of quality of life (QoL) with a left ventricular assist device (LVAD).BackgroundConceptual and operational definitions of QoL with an LVAD are lacking.MethodsA grounded theory method was used. Adult, outpatient LVAD recipients (n = 11) participated twice in individual or paired interviews.ResultsA conceptual definition of QoL while living with an LVAD was established as: “Being well enough to do and enjoy day-to-day activities that are important to me.” Participants described 5 important life domains consistent with QoL literature: physical, emotional, social, cognitive, and spiritual/meaning. However, participants identified unique concerns not addressed by generic or heart failure disease specific measures typically used in the LVAD population.ConclusionExisting generic and heart-failure specific QoL measures are not adequate for understanding QoL among LVAD patients. Cognition and spiritual/meaning domains were significant; these need inclusion for comprehensive QoL assessment in the LVAD population.