Comparative analysis of two bacteriophages of Xanthomonas arboricola pv. juglandis

• Complete genome sequence of two Xaj phages (Xaj2 and Xaj24) was determined.
• Xaj2 and Xaj24 are the first Xaj phages whose complete genome has been sequenced.
• Xaj2 had a unique sequence, while Xaj24 belonged to PhiKMV-like phages.
• Xaj2 genome was 49,241 bp, containing 80 ORFs, categorized into 3 functional groups.
• Genome of Xaj24 was 44,861, containing 54 ORFs, organized into 3 clusters.

Walnut blight caused by Xanthomonas arboricola pv. juglandis (Xaj) is one of the most frequent infective diseases of walnut, resulting in serious economic losses. One potential solution to control this disease could be the application of bacteriophages. In this study, 24 phages were isolated from soil and walnut aerial tissues infected with Xaj. Two polyvalent bacteriophages, Xaj2 and Xaj24 were chosen for further characterization including their morphological, physiological and genomic analyses. Xaj2 was classified as Siphoviridae whereas Xaj24 belonged to the Podoviridae family. Both phages demonstrated lytic effect on Xaj in laboratory trials.Complete genomes of Xaj2 and Xaj24 were determined. Genomes of Xaj2 and Xaj24 consisted of 49.241 and 44.861 nucleotides encoding 80 and 53 genes, respectively. Comparative genome analyses have revealed that Xaj2 had a unique genome sequence, while Xaj24 was a phiKMV-like phage and it was most similar to the Prado phage which is virulent for Xylella fastidiosa and Xanthomonas spp.In this study, we present the first two complete Xaj phage sequences enabling an insight into the genomics of Xaj phages.