Correlation of blood uric acid with urinary albumin creatinine ratio in hypertension and diabetic nephropathy

BackgroundDiabetic nephropathy (DN) is a microvascular complication of Type 2 diabetes mellitus. Uric acid (UA) is the end product of purine nucleotide metabolism and its primary mode of clearance is by renal excretion. Modifiable factors such as blood pressure, albuminuria, glycemic control, etc., play an important role in the progression of DN and none of them are curative. Hence, there is a pressing interest to identify other potentially modifiable factors such as UA in the progression of DN.MethodsThe present case–control study included 180 subjects, categorized into three groups: Group I, Group II, and Group III. Anthropometric and biochemical parameters were analyzed by standard methods.ResultsThe mean fasting blood sugar, HbA1c, serum creatinine, spot urine albumin, albumin creatinine ratio, and triglycerides were significantly higher in Group III than in Group I and Group II. In Group I, eGFR, spot urine creatinine, total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, and LDL cholesterol were statistically significantly higher than in Group II and Group III. Pearson's correlation coefficient of UA with systolic, diastolic blood pressure, and albumin creatinine ratio in Group II and Group III showed positive correlation, and no significant difference was found.ConclusionUA induces endothelial dysfunction, leading to renal injury in DN. In our study, UA, blood pressure, and ACR did not show significant correlation. Future studies with huge sample size are necessary to evaluate UA and ACR as the genuine markers, which help clinicians to assess the kidney failure in diabetes with these routine biochemical markers.