First description of past Hepatitis B Virus infection acute reactivation occurring in a Human Immunodeficiency Virus infected patient as manifestation of immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome

We report the case of an acute, self-resolving HBV-related hepatitis occurring in a HIV-infected patient carrying isolated anti-HBc antibodies. This acute HBV hepatitis may be considered as a clinical manifestation of a reactivation of HBV during an immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome. Other hypotheses, even unlikely, are discussed.