Trans-Omics: How To Reconstruct Biochemical Networks Across Multiple ‘Omic’ Layers

We propose ‘trans-omic’ analysis for reconstructing global biochemical networks across multiple omic layers by use of both multi-omic measurements and computational data integration. We introduce technologies for connecting multi-omic data based on prior knowledge of biochemical interactions and characterize a biochemical trans-omic network by concepts of a static and dynamic nature. We introduce case studies of metabolism-centric trans-omic studies to show how to reconstruct a biochemical trans-omic network by connecting multi-omic data and how to analyze it in terms of the static and dynamic nature. We propose a trans-ome-wide association study (trans-OWAS) connecting phenotypes with trans-omic networks that reflect both genetic and environmental factors, which can characterize several complex lifestyle diseases as breakdowns in the trans-omic system.

Trends‘Trans-omic’ analysis is a technology for reconstructing a global biochemical network by connecting multi-omic layers.We present five technologies that connect omic layers: (i) metabolic regulation, (ii) transcriptional regulation, (iii) kinase–substrate relationship, (iv) protein–protein interaction, and (v) allosteric regulation.We propose three concepts of the static and dynamic nature of a trans-omic network: map, static signal flow, and dynamic signal flow.We introduce recent studies of metabolism-centric biochemical trans-omic networks from the viewpoints of the five technologies and the three concepts.Trans-ome-wide association studies cover genetic and environmental information.