Developing a performance evaluation model of Organic Rankine Cycle for working fluids based on the group contribution method

An Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) model is presented in this paper to easily, quickly, and inexpensively evaluate the performance potentials of various working fluids. When given molecular structure of working fluid, the normal boiling temperature, critical properties, liquid density and ideal gas heat capacity can be obtained via the existing group contribution methods (GCMs). Other properties required in the ORC model are calculated out by the thermodynamic relationships with the estimated properties of GCMs. Based on the calculated properties, four basic processes of the ORC including compression, evaporation, expansion and condensation are modeled. Meanwhile, the cycle parameters of 21 potential working fluids for typical ORC operating conditions are obtained from the molecular structures by the developed model. Compared with the REFPROP, the model shows sufficient accuracy for engineering purposes. The relative errors of thermodynamic properties and cycle parameters are less than 10% for most of working fluids. It is concluded that the proposed model can estimate the ORC characteristics of any pure working fluid only based on its molecular structure. Thus, a large amount of working fluids formed by the combination of groups can be directly screened by this model, and the optimal working fluids can be identified for a quick assessment in engineering field.