Recent advances in microfluidic sample preparation and separation techniques for molecular biomarker analysis: A critical review

- We critically review recent advances in using microfluidic devices for biomarker sample preparation and separation.
- We discuss improvements in on-chip sample preparation, including affinity extraction, preconcentration and labeling.
- We highlight developments in molecular biomarker separations.
- We provide a critical evaluation of papers, detailing promising directions for additional work.
- We discuss possible future trends that will help to increase the impact of microfluidics in improving human health.

Microfluidics is a vibrant and expanding field that has the potential for solving many analytical challenges. Microfluidics show promise to provide rapid, inexpensive, efficient, and portable diagnostic solutions that can be used in resource-limited settings. Researchers have recently reported various microfluidic platforms for biomarker analysis applications. Sample preparation processes like purification, preconcentration and labeling have been characterized on-chip. Additionally, improvements in microfluidic separation techniques have been reported for molecular biomarkers. This review critically evaluates microfluidic sample preparation platforms and separation methods for biomarker analysis reported in the last two years. Key advances in device operation and ability to process different sample matrices in a variety of device materials are highlighted. Finally, current needs and potential future directions for microfluidic device development to realize its full diagnostic potential are discussed.

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