VEGF alleviates ALS-CSF induced cytoplasmic accumulations of TDP-43 and FUS/TLS in NSC-34 cells

- Mislocalization and aggregation of TDP-43 and FUS/TLS contribute to ALS pathogenesis.
- ALS-CSF causes TDP-43 & FUS overexpression and mislocalization in NSC34 cells in vitro.
- VEGF annuls ALS-CSF induced cytoplasmic overexpression of TDP-43 and FUS/TLS.
- VEGF alleviates CSF induced nuclear envelope dysmorphism and p-body enlargement.
- VEGF steers multiple pathologic processes to subvert the degenerative cascade of ALS.

Cytoplasmic mislocalisation and aggregation of TDP-43 and FUS/TLS proteins in spinal motor neurons contribute to the pathogenesis of the highly fatal disorder amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). We investigated the neuroprotective effect of VEGF on expression of these proteins in the motor neuronal cell line NSC-34 modelled to reminisce sporadic form of ALS. We studied the expression of TDP-43 and FUS/TLS proteins after exposure to ALS-CSF and following VEGF supplementation by quantitative confocal microscopy and electron microscopy. ALS-CSF caused cytoplasmic overexpression of both the proteins and stress-granule formation in the cells. These alterations were alleviated by VEGF supplementation. The related ultrastructural changes like nuclear membrane dysmorphism and p-bodies associated changes were also reversed. However the protein expression did not completely translocate to the nucleus, as some cells continued to show to cytoplasmic mislocalisation. Thus, the present findings indicate that VEGF alleviates TDP43 and FUS pathology by complimenting its role in controlling apoptosis and reversing choline acetyl transferase expression. Hence, VEGF appears to target multiple pathogenic processes in the neurodegenerative cascade of ALS.