Novel electrochemical xanthine biosensor based on chitosan-polypyrrole-gold nanoparticles hybrid bio-nanocomposite platform

- Preparation of Chitosan-polypyrrole-gold bionanocomposite bio nanocomposite for biosensor construction.
- Highly sensitive amperometric biosensor is developed for the determination of xanthine.
- The biosensor was used to determine the xanthine in fish, chicken, and beef samples with satisfactory results.

The aim of this study was the electrochemical detection of the adenosine-3-phosphate degradation product, xanthine, using a new xanthine biosensor based on a hybrid bio-nanocomposite platform which has been successfully employed in the evaluation of meat freshness. In the design of the amperometric xanthine biosensor, chitosan-polypyrrole-gold nanoparticles fabricated by an in situ chemical synthesis method on a glassy carbon electrode surface was used to enhance electron transfer and to provide good enzyme affinity. Electrochemical studies were carried out by the modified electrode with immobilized xanthine oxidase on it, after which the biosensor was tested to ascertain the optimization parameters. The Biosensor exhibited a very good linear range of 1-200 μM, low detection limit of 0.25 μM, average response time of 8 seconds, and was not prone to significant interference from uric acid, ascorbic acid, glucose, and sodium benzoate. The resulting bio-nanocomposite xanthine biosensor was tested with fish, beef, and chicken real-sample measurements.

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