Interspecies discrimination of A. fumigatus and siblings A. lentulus and A. felis of the Aspergillus section Fumigati using the AsperGenius® assay

- A. lentulus and A. felis are rare species within the Aspergillus section Fumigati.
- Identifying these species is important as they are intrinsically azole-resistant.
- AsperGenius® PCR assay rapidly discriminates A. fumigatus, A. lentulus and A. felis.
- Discrimination was done by absence of TR34 marker in combination with Y121F marker.

The AsperGenius® assay detects several Aspergillus species and the A. fumigatus Cyp51A mutations TR34/L98H/T289A/Y121F that are associated with azole resistance. We evaluated its contribution in identifying A. lentulus and A. felis, 2 rare but intrinsically azole-resistant sibling species within the Aspergillus section Fumigati. Identification of these species with conventional culture techniques is difficult and time-consuming. The assay was tested on (i) 2 A. lentulus and A. felis strains obtained from biopsy proven invasive aspergillosis and (ii) control A. fumigatus (n = 3), A. lentulus (n = 6) and A. felis species complex (n = 12) strains. The AsperGenius® resistance PCR did not detect the TR34 target in A. lentulus and A. felis in contrast to A. fumigatus. Melting peaks for L98H and Y121F markers differed and those of the Y121F marker were particularly suitable to discriminate the 3 species. In conclusion, the assay can be used to rapidly discriminate A. fumigatus, A. lentulus and A. felis.