Case ReportOsteochondrosis of the medial malleolar epiphysis: A case report and review of the literature

- Presentation and management of medial malleolar osteochondrosis based on our
- experience and a complete literature review.
- All ossification centres are predisposed to develop osteochondrosis: we report a rare case of this painful condition.
- The first review of all described cases of medial malleolar osteochondrosis.
- In a pediatric ankle pain medial malleolar osteochondrosis should be considered in the differential diagnosis.
- A complete clinical and radiological description of a rare case of medial malleolar osteochondrosis.

IntroductionOsteochondrosis is characterized by a disturbance of enchondral ossification in skeletally immature patients and should be investigated in children having a history of persistent foot and ankle pain. Involvement of the medial malleolar epiphysis is rarely reported.Presentation of caseWe describe the case of a sporty 12-year-old male with osteochondrosis of the left medial malleolar epiphysis treated with a conservative management.DiscussionCalcanear, navicular and metatarsal apophysis are the most common locations for osteochondrosis in ankle and foot. Anyway other osteochondrosis should be excluded. Medial malleolar osteochondrosis is occasionally described. We performed a review of the relevant literature and we summarized clinical aspects, radiological characteristics and reported management of this painful and probably underestimated condition.ConclusionMedial malleolar osteochondrosis is a rare but well recognized condition. Only seven cases are described in literature.