A comparison of thermal characteristics of Al2O3/water and CuO/water nanofluids in transition flow through a straight circular duct fitted with helical screw tape inserts

A comparison of thermal characteristics of Al2O3/water and CuO/water nanofluids in transition flow through a straight circular duct fitted with helical screw tape inserts was made in this study. The helical screw tape inserts with twist ratios Y = 1.78, 2.44 and 3 were used in the experimental study using 0.1% volume concentration Al2O3/water and CuO/water nanofluid. The average enhancements in Nusselt number for water with twist ratios of 1.78, 2.44 and 3 were 156.24%, 122.16% and 89.22% respectively when compared to plain tube. The average increase in Nusselt number corresponding to the twist ratios of 1.78, 2.44 and 3 were 166.84%, 128.67% and 89.22% respectively for Al2O3/water nanofluid. In the case of CuO/water nanofluid, the enhancements in Nusselt number were 179.82%, 144.29% and 105.63% for twist ratios 1.78, 2.44 and 3 respectively. Thermal performance analysis based on the constant pumping power criteria shows that helical screw tape inserts give better thermal performance when used with CuO/water nanofluid than with Al2O3/water nanofluid.