The effects of mobile phone use on academic performance: A meta-analysis

The overall meta-analysis indicated that the average effect of mobile phone usage on student outcomes was r =  −0.162 with a 95% confident interval of −0.196 to −0.128. The effect sizes of moderator variables (education level, region, study type, and whether the effect size was derived from a Beta coefficient, and mobile phone use construct) were analyzed. The results of this study and their implications for both research and practice are discussed.