Article ID | Journal | Published Year | Pages | File Type |
---|---|---|---|---|
10110776 | Science of The Total Environment | 2005 | 6 Pages |
Abstract
A comprehensive study of the particle and carbon dioxide emissions from a fleet of six dedicated liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) powered and five unleaded petrol (ULP) powered new Ford Falcon Forte passenger vehicles was carried out on a chassis dynamometer at four different vehicle speeds-0 (idle), 40, 60, 80 and 100 km hâ1. Emission factors and their relative values between the two fuel types together with a statistical significance for any difference were estimated for each parameter. In general, LPG was found to be a 'cleaner' fuel, although in most cases, the differences were not statistically significant owing to the large variations between emissions from different vehicles. The particle number emission factors ranged from 1011 to 1013 kmâ1 and was over 70% less with LPG compared to ULP. Corresponding differences in particle mass emission factor between the two fuels were small and ranged from the order of 10 μg kmâ1 at 40 to about 1000 μg kmâ1 at 100 km hâ1. The count median particle diameter (CMD) ranged from 20 to 35 nm and was larger with LPG than with ULP in all modes except the idle mode. Carbon dioxide emission factors ranged from about 300 to 400 g kmâ1 at 40 km hâ1, falling with increasing speed to about 200 g kmâ1 at 100 km hâ1. At all speeds, the values were 10% to 18% greater with ULP than with LPG.
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Authors
Z.D. Ristovski, E.R. Jayaratne, L. Morawska, G.A. Ayoko, M. Lim,