Article ID | Journal | Published Year | Pages | File Type |
---|---|---|---|---|
10129564 | Autonomic Neuroscience | 2018 | 11 Pages |
Abstract
Respiration and blood pressure are primarily controlled by somatic and autonomic motor neurones, respectively. Central cardiorespiratory control is critical in moment-to-moment survival, but it also has a role in the development and maintenance of chronic pathological conditions such as hypertension. The glial cells of the brain are non-neuronal cells with metabolic, immune, and developmental functions. Recent evidence shows that glia play an active role in supporting and regulating the neuronal circuitry which drives the cardiorespiratory system. Here we will review the activities of two key types of glial cell, microglia and astrocytes, in assisting normal central cardiorespiratory control and in pathology.
Keywords
IFNγintracerebroventricularNTSRVLMmGluRCIHCX3CR1ANGIITLR4WKYLPSAIHRSNAJAM-1UDP2K1CPhrenic long-term facilitationSHR-SPpLTFjunctional adhesion molecule 1ICVTNFαACEADPIL-1βuridine diphosphateAdenosine TriphosphateATPadenosine diphosphaterostral ventrolateral medullaAstrocytesangiotensin converting enzymeAngiotensin IIinflammationInterleukin-1 betatumour necrosis factor alphaAutonomicCNScentral nervous systemShrHypertensionRenal sympathetic nerve activitylipopolysaccharidePVNWistar-Kyoto ratsSpontaneously hypertensive ratsStroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive ratsMicroglianucleus tractus solitariusparaventricular nucleus of the hypothalamusHypoxiaacute intermittent hypoxiachronic intermittent hypoxiaInterferon gammaToll-like receptor 4fractalkine receptorMetabotropic glutamate receptor
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Authors
E. Myfanwy Cohen, Melissa M.J. Farnham, Zohra Kakall, Seung Jae Kim, Polina E. Nedoboy, Paul M. Pilowsky,