Effects of deep tillage and municipal green waste compost amendments on soil properties and tree growth in compacted urban soils

Compacted and degraded urban soils may be improved through simple tillage and/or organic amendment strategies for the successful establishment of deep rooted woody plants. However, site soil conditions will dictate whether the addition of MGWC is beneficial or not, as one site showed no positive response to any tillage or MGWC. This research has examined a technique that can be used by landscape managers to improve soil physical characteristics and, in certain circumstances, can improve deep-rooted woody plant establishment and growth in challenging compacted urban soil conditions.