Straightforward fabrication of highly ordered TiO2 nanowire arrays in AAM on aluminum substrate

Combined with template-directing method, pulsed electrodeposition approach was employed to fabricate titanium and/or its compound into the pores of anodic alumina membrane (AAM) remains attached on the substrate. The cross-section SEM showed that the thickness of membrane anodized in phosphoric acid was more than 10 μm and there stood a barrier layer more than 100 nm thick in between the alumina membrane and aluminum substrate. XRD patterns showed that the wires in the AAM pores were pure anatase TiO2, after heated at 500°C for 4 h.