Article ID | Journal | Published Year | Pages | File Type |
---|---|---|---|---|
10260293 | Urban Climate | 2014 | 24 Pages |
Abstract
Long-term data (2001-2010) were studied to analyse the spatial and temporal variability of air temperatures (T) in Berlin, Germany. Five sites were used to investigate spatial air temperature differences (ÎT). The sites were classified according to the Local Climate Zone concept. Temporal anomalies, being the differences between hourly values and the decadal average at that time, were investigated for air temperatures (Tâ²) and air temperature differences (ÎTâ²). Decadal ÎT was strongly positive during night-time inside the city compared to the reference site (“scattered trees” - LCZ B) during summer. During winter ÎT was slightly positive throughout the whole day. Comparing two sites with LCZ “dense trees” inside and outside the city revealed a temperature excess of 0.3Â K. Tâ² inside the city compared to Tâ² outside the built-up structures was damped by at least 10%. The urban canopy responded similar to a forest canopy in damping Tâ². Hot weather conditions lead to negative ÎTâ² during daytime and positive ÎTâ² at night. The nocturnal values were related to spatial mean vegetation fractions and sky view factors (SVF) including vegetation. SVF without vegetation did not show this relationship, highlighting the importance of including trees in spatially averaged SVF computation.
Related Topics
Physical Sciences and Engineering
Earth and Planetary Sciences
Earth and Planetary Sciences (General)
Authors
Daniel Fenner, Fred Meier, Dieter Scherer, Albert Polze,