Surface flow and drainage films created by horizontal impinging liquid jets

▶ A new model predicts the width of the radial flow region created by a horizontal jet impinging on a vertical plate. ▶ A dimensionless prediction of the width of falling films created by such jets is presented. ▶ Excellent agreement with existing spray ball data sets and new results from single nozzle flows. ▶ Minimum wetting rates are found to depend on hydrodynamic and surface wetting parameters.