High capacity lithium ion battery anodes of silicon and germanium

- Silicon and germanium are alternatives to carbon anodes in lithium ion batteries.
- Nanoscale Si and Ge exhibit high charge storage capacity with stable cycling.
- Binder and conductive additives underlie good Si and Ge anode performance.
- Electrolyte additives can stabilize solid electrolyte interphase layer formation.
- Ge and Si anodes have exhibited capacities four to ten times greater than graphite.