Numerical simulation of cavitation in the conical-spray nozzle for diesel premixed charge compression ignition engines

► Numerical simulation was conducted to understand the cavitating flow inside the diesel conical-spray injector. ► A cavitation map for the conical-spray injector was developed by sweeping the ambient pressure and injection pressure. ► The cavitating flow inside the conical-spray nozzle can be divided into four regimes. ► The phenomenon of super cavitation only occurs in a narrow region where ambient pressure is very low. ► The cavitation is the function of cavitation number for those cases with a high Reynolds number.