Smart glazing solutions to glare and solar gain: a 'sick building' case study

Holographic optical elements (HOE) can provide solar control by reflecting/redirecting the beam (direct) radiation incident on a window. This paper considers HOE applied for solar control in an office development at Southampton University, UK. In 2000, a new University campus was constructed through the renovation of existing Victorian school buildings coupled to modern, highly glazed office extensions. However, the combination of the low thermal mass of the extensions and the high level of glazing led to excessive office temperatures and occupant discomfort. Office users are requesting the installation of individual air conditioning units which would represent an unacceptable indicator of the building's design failings. Simulation of the office structure has been undertaken using transient thermal analysis to model possible solutions. Forced air convection, louver systems and façade changes such as electrochromic glazing are considered in addition to solar control holograms. The simulations highlight the need for the elimination of solar glare within offices and for some form of control of artificial lighting within the building. It is predicted that HOE can produce a comfortable working environment whilst maintaining daylighting and external views from the office: a combination of benefits which competing technologies such as blinds cannot provide.