Self stigma in people with intellectual disabilities and courtesy stigma in family carers: A systematic review

► This review identified 17 studies examining self stigma in people with intellectual disabilities and 20 studies of courtesy stigma in family carers. ► The studies on self stigma revealed that people are aware of being treated negatively, although stigma was not always internalised. ► Family carers reported negative attitudes from the public and from their family, often resulting in marginalisation. ► Both self stigma and courtesy stigma were associated with lower psychological wellbeing. ► There is a lack of large scale studies and longitudinal studies examining prevalence of self or affiliate stigma, and the effectiveness of interventions to reduce stigma.