The endurance of the effects of the penalty point system in Spain three years after. Main influencing factors

▶ Application of sophisticated statistical tools: ARIMA time series analysis. ▶ Use of intervention variables to model the effect of legal measures, or special periods. ▶ Legal measures studied: penalty point system and penal code reform. ▶ The penalty point system in Spain, three years after enactment has had a very positive and lasting effect (statistically significant) in reducing fatalities. ▶ Importance of joint effect of legal measures and enforcement policies.