Isolation of natural cultures of anaerobic fungi and indigenously associated methanogens from herbivores and their bioconversion of lignocellulosic materials to methane

► Natural cultures of anaerobic fungi and their specific indigenous methanognes were isolated. ► Each culture comprised one fungal strain and one Methanobrevibacter sp. ► Each fungal strain had its specific indigenous associated methanongen. ► These cultures were stable during in vitro transfer. ► These cultures could efficiently convert various lignocelluloses to methane.