Fictitious frequency for the exterior Helmholtz equation subject to the mixed-type boundary condition using BEMs

Boundary integral equations and boundary element methods were employed analytically, semi-analytically and numerically to study the occurrence of fictitious frequency for the exterior Helmholtz equations subject to the mixed-type boundary conditions. A semi-infinite rod and a circular radiator of problems were addressed. Degenerate kernel of the fundamental solution and Fourier series for boundary density were utilized in the null-field integral equation to examine the occurrence of fictitious frequency semi-analytically. The BEM was utilized to solve the solution numerically. The CHIEF technique and Burton and Miller method were adopted to suppress the occurrence of the fictitious frequency. It is emphasized that the occurrence of fictitious frequency depend on the adopted method (singular or hypersingular formulation) no matter what the given type of boundary condition for the problem is. The illustrative examples were tested to verify this finding successfully.