Tool use and action planning in apraxia

▸ Patients with apraxia often failed to invert the hand to grasp inverted tools. ▸ Ability to invert the hand to grasp abstract objects was largely unimpaired. ▸ For correct responses, rotation of the wrist was later during reaching for tools. ▸ These data suggest degraded access to tool-use representations in apraxia. ▸ But this cannot explain deficits in imitating or matching meaningless postures.