Opposite hemispheric asymmetries for pitch identification in absolute pitch and non-absolute pitch musicians

The aim of the present study is to investigate functional laterality for pitch identification in subjects with absolute pitch (AP) and without absolute pitch (NAP). Forty-four musicians were divided into two groups (AP and NAP) on the basis of their performance in a preliminary standard AP-test. They were subsequently presented with an AP-test designed for dichotic listening, a neuropsychological technique which allows the investigation of functional hemispheric asymmetries. Dependent variables were accuracy and reaction time. It was observed that AP and NAP subjects exhibit opposite hemispheric specialization for pitch identification, AP subjects showing a bias towards the left hemisphere and NAP subjects showing a bias towards the right hemisphere. Results are discussed in the context of neuroimaging evidence of structural and functional asymmetries related to AP.