| Article ID | Journal | Published Year | Pages | File Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 10509589 | Drug and Alcohol Dependence | 2013 | 7 Pages |
Abstract
The ClockÎ19 mutation appears to have no effect on the reinforcing properties of nicotine, in contrast to its demonstrated role in cocaine reinforcement. Further studies are needed to determine the effect of other Clock genes on nicotine reinforcement.
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Authors
Rick E. Bernardi, Rainer Spanagel,