Towards gas chromatography-mass spectrometry coupling protocols for both identifying and quantification essential oils of Thymus capitatus Hoff et Link

Essential oil of Thymus capitatus Hoff et Link is analysed by using four techniques: GC/pyrolyse/MS, GC/FID, electronic impact GC/MS (quadripole), and GC/MS (ion trap). Both major and trace components are analysed. The GC/pyrolyse/MS coupling provides reference to the exact mass compositions without any need of the previously purified references, neither for major or trace components. The comparison between this reference analysis and GC/FID shows that the FID response coefficients may vary by a mean 7% from one component to another. As it was expected, quadripole or ion trap response coefficients vary to a much greater extent (a mean 25%), although the two MS techniques response coefficients are first order consistent. We conclude that GC/MS coupling could be used not only as it is usual for reliable identifications, but also for a complete quantitative routine analysis of essential oils. Expected precision could be very similar to GC/FID precision provided correcting species by species the MS analysis by a mean value of the response coefficient measured for the MS 70 eV electronic impact ionisation technologies. The GC/pyrolyse/MS coupling is proposed as a relevant tool for analysing reference samples containing trace natural species that could not be purified.