High performance liquid chromatographic determination of N-butyryl glucosamine in rat plasma

A high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method for determination in plasma of N-butyryl glucosamine (GLBU), a highly water-soluble compound with no chromophore was developed. Method: To 100 μL of plasma containing GLBU was added fucose as internal standard. GLBU and fucose were derivatized using 1-phenyl-3-methyl-5-pyrazolone in the presence of sodium hydroxide at 70 °C for 30 min. The solution was neutralized with hydrochloric acid and the excess derivatizing reagent was extracted with chloroform. The aqueous layer was injected into an isocratic HPLC system consisting of an autoinjector, a single pump and a UV detector set at 245 nm. Two different 25 cm reversed phase columns were used, a 4 and a 10 μm C18 columns. The mobile phase was a mixture of phosphate buffer (pH 7) and acetonitrile (80:20), which was run through a pump at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min at ambient temperature. Results: Derivatized fucose and GLBU appeared 24 and 28 min, and at 34 and 37 min using 4 and 10 μm columns, respectively. The assay was linear over the range of 0.2-200 μg/mL with a limit of quantification of 0.2 and 1 μg/mL for the 4 and 10 μm columns, respectively. The method was applied to the determination of GLBU in rat plasma after oral administration of 233 mg/kg of GLBU. Conclusion: The present assay is precise, and accurate with sufficient sensitivity for pharmacokinetic studies following therapeutically relevant doses.