Acid-functionalized fullerenes used as interfacial layer materials in inverted polymer solar cells

Surface modification using fullerene-based self-assembled monolayers as an interfacial layer between the organic active layer and inorganic TiOX layer improves the exciton dissociation/charge transfer and reduces the contact resistance and inherent incompatibility at metal oxide/active organic layer interfaces, resulting in improved JSC and FF, and thus high PCE of 5.13%.