Ontogenetic variation of the tropane alkaloids in Datura stramonium

Alkaloid profile of Datura stramonium plant parts collected at different stages of development were investigated by GC-MS. Sixty-four tropane alkaloids were detected and 48 of them were determined. Two new tropane alkaloids, 3-phenylacetoxy-6,7-epoxynortropane and 7-hydroxyapoatropine were tentatively identified. The alkaloids scopoline, 3-(hydroxyacetoxy)tropane, 3-hydroxy-6-(2-methylbutyryloxy)tropane, 3β-tigloyloxy-6-hydroxytropane, 3,7-dihydroxy-6-tigloyloxytropane, 3-tigloyloxy-6-propionyloxytropane, 3-phenylacetoxy-6,7-epoxytropane, 3-phenylacetoxy-6-hydroxytropane, aponorscopolamine, 3β,6β-ditigloyloxytropane and 7-hydroxyhyoscyamine are reported for the first time for this species and 3-acetoxy-6-isobutyryloxytropane for the family Solanaceae. The number and the type of alkaloids in the different plant organs depend on the stages of development. The variability by types of alkaloids (monosubstituted, 3,6- and 3,7-disubstituted, 3,6,7-trisubstituted and 3-substituted-6,7-epoxytropanes) decreases from the roots of the plants in vegetative growth and immature fruits to the seeds of senile plants (mainly monosubstituted and 3-substituted-6,7-epoxytropanes).