Polymeric carbon nanotube nanocomposite-based force sensors

Accurate measurement of cutting forces is important for monitoring and optimization of machining processes. In this study, we fabricated highly sensitive force sensors using polymeric nanocomposites. The sensors consisted of polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) polymer reinforced with multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) using a spray coating method. The spray-coated sensors were electrically poled to generate piezoelectric phases. Both the piezoresistive and piezoelectric characteristics of the nanocomposite were utilized for improved performance of the sensors. A Monte Carlo based electro-mechanical model is proposed and was used to investigate the behavior of the nanocomposite sensor. Experimental cutting tests were also performed for comparison with a conventional table dynamometer.