Shape optimization for a seepage problem with low contrast core

Numerical results show the gains obtained when compared to simple layouts for two different volumes of core material and for different contrasts in permeability. Compared to simple layouts and with a core permeability equal to 30% of the permeability of the matrix, the optimized layout reduces the outflow by 15% when compared to putting all the core on the exit side of the dam and by 45% when compared to putting the core as a column in the center of the dam.