Fungal granuloma of the brain caused by Cladosporium bantianum-a case report and review of literature

Involvement of the brain by neurotropic, dematiaceous fungi namely Cladosporium bantianum is extremely rare. The disease is very resistant to treatment and prone for frequent relapses despite treatment with amphotericin B and flucytosine, the drugs of choice for the infection. Surgery is often required for resection of the fungal granuloma. Isolation of the fungus from the tissue specimens and its culture, showing dark colored fungal colonies clinches the diagnosis. Animal inoculation studies can provide insights to the portal of entry of the organism. We hereby report a case of fungal granuloma of the brain due to C. bantianum, which responded favorably to intensive antifungal treatment alone, with relevant review of literature.