Substance Use Among Early Adolescent Girls: Risk and Protective Factors

Disquieting rates of alcohol and drug use among adolescent girls call for original research on gender-specific risk and protective factors for substance use. Particularly salient are data on theory-driven factors that can inform prevention programming. Surveying 781 adolescent girls and their mothers, we found relationships between girls' use of alcohol, prescription drugs, and inhalants and girls' after-school destinations, body images, depression, best friend's substance use, maternal drinking behavior, mother–daughter interactions, and family norms surrounding substance use. Study findings have implications for the design of responsive gender-specific prevention programs.