Estimation of Travel Time Values for Urban Public Transport Passengers Based on SP Survey

Quantitative study on the travel costs of urban transit passengers has great significance for scientifically evaluating social benefits of public transportation system. Analysis of travel time values is one of the most important parts of traveler's travel cost estimation. According to the stated preference (SP) survey data for Beijing residents, factors that influence public transport values of travel time are analyzed and a Logit-based model is used. An improved SP survey based model is proposed, in which traveler's income is introduced as a variable. The parameters estimating the travel time values under the trip purposes of work/business and leisure are calibrated. Then the values of travel time under different conditions in Beijing are obtained (i.e. different trip purposes and with/without transferring). The results indicate that the travel time values for work are generally higher than those for leisure. The waiting time values are higher than transferring time values and in-vehicle time values under any circumstances, and the waiting time values are higher with transferring than those without transferring.

摘要城市公共交通乘客出行成本的量化研究，对于科学合理地评价公共交通系统的社会效益意义重大，而出行时间价值是进行乘客出行成本估计的一个重要环节。本文以北京市市区居民SP调查数据为依托，通过分析公共交通出行时间价值的影响因素，选取Logit模型为基础模型，引入“出行者收入”作为模型新增变量，并针对工作商务、社会娱乐两种出行目的在不同换乘情况下出行时间价值模型进行参数标定，建立了基于SP调查数据的改进型时间价值求解模型，并计算得到北京市公共交通出行者在不同出行目的和有无换乘情况下的换乘时间价值、候车时间价值以及运行时间价值。研究发现，工作商务出行目的出行时间价值普遍高于社会娱乐的出行时间价值，出行者在不同出行目的和有无换乘情况下的候车时间价值，大于换乘时间价值以及运行时间价值，并且有换乘情况下的候车时间价值大于无换乘情况下的候车时间价值。