A New Spatial Equilibrium Model Including Passenger Transportation: An Accessibility Perspective

This paper investigates a new way to identify how comprehensive transport network affects trade flow and economic cooperation between regions. Based on literature reviews on spatial equilibrium model, a new spatial equilibrium model including both passenger and freight transportation is developed. It is an improvement of the classic spatial equilibrium model, in which passenger transportation was not taken into account. A concept of passenger-support-measure is proposed to illustrate passenger transportation's significant impact upon trade flows among different regions. From accessibility perspective, travel time is a key factor for passenger transportation. A numerical example is used to validate the new model. The result shows that trade among different regions needs both inexpensive freight transportation and accessible passenger transportation.

摘 要本文旨在研究旅客运输对于商品空间流动的影响，从而探寻适合区域经济发展的最优交通方式组合。传统的空间均衡模型只考虑货运价格的因素，而忽略了商务旅客运输对于区域间贸易的作用。本文在传统的空间均衡模型中加入旅客运输的约束，提出了客运支撑系数的概念，构建了一个包含旅客运输的空间均衡模型。新模型克服了传统空间均衡模型缺点，考察旅客运输对于货物贸易的支撑作用，从时间花费角度说明客运可达性对于货物贸易的影响。并结合算例，分析不同的交通方式组合对区域间贸易量和均衡价格的作用和影响。分析结果表明：区域经济合作和贸易发展既需要便宜的货物运输方式，也需要快速、可达的旅客运输方式。