Impact of Parking Rates on Resident Travel Behavior

Parking charge is an important policy influencing residents' travel mode split and even traffic condition. Different parking rates create different effects on travel mode. Based on the survey data in Nanjing, a multi-factor travel mode choice model, which includes factors of parking rates, bus fare, and so on, is established based on the disaggregated model theory. Using the elastic analysis method, the paper identifies the trend that residents' travel modes change with the parking rates. The sensitivity of travel mode choice is also examined by the parking rates and bus fare. It also reveals the proportion variation between car and bus transit on different parking rates, and analyzes the elasticity of parking rates and bus fare. The conclusions provide metropolis references on the parking price decision-making.

摘 要停车收费是调节城市居民出行结构，改善城市交通状况的重要政策，不同停车收费标准对居民出行方式改变程度也不相同。本文结合南京市停车特征调查数据，基于非集计模型理论，建立包括停车费率以及公交票价等多因素的出行方式选择模型，并利用弹性分析方法，研究居民出行方式选择随停车费率变化的趋势，分析出行方式选择对于停车费率以及公交票价变化的敏感性。研究得出不同费率标准下，小汽车及公交车出行比例的改变程度，确定停车收费价格的敏感区间，并分别得到停车费率和公交票价变化对出行方式改变的弹性，研究结论可以为大城市合理制定停车收费价格政策提供理论依据。