Article ID | Journal | Published Year | Pages | File Type |
---|---|---|---|---|
10926515 | Cell Calcium | 2005 | 11 Pages |
Abstract
Ca2+-induced Ca2+ release (CICR) occurs in frog motor nerve terminals after ryanodine receptors (RyRs) are primed for activation by conditioning large Ca2+ entry. We studied which type of RyR exists, whether CICR occurs without conditioning Ca2+ entry and how RyRs are primed. Immunohistochemistry revealed the existence of RyR3 in motor nerve terminals and axons and both RyR1 and RyR3 in muscle fibers. A blocker of RyR, 8-(N,N-diethylamino)octyl 3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoate hydrochloride (TMB-8) slightly decreased rises in intracellular Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i) induced by a short tetanus (50Â Hz, 1-2Â s), but not after treatment with ryanodine. Repetitive tetani (50Â Hz for 15Â s every 20Â s) produced repetitive rises in [Ca2+]i, whose amplitude overall waxed and waned. TMB-8 blocked the waxing and waning components. Ryanodine suppressed a slow increase in end-plate potentials (EPPs) induced by stimuli (33.3Â Hz, 15Â s) in a low Ca2+, high Mg2+ solution. KN-62, a blocker of Ca2+/calmoduline-activated protein kinase II (CaMKII), slightly reduced short tetanus-induced rises in [Ca2+]i, but markedly the slow waxing and waning rises produced by repetitive tetani in both normal and low Ca2+, high Mg2+ solutions. Likewise, KN-62, but not KN-04, an inactive analog, suppressed slow increases in EPP amplitude and miniature EPP frequency during long tetanus. Thus, CICR normally occurs weakly via RyR3 activation by single impulse-induced Ca2+ entry in frog motor nerve terminals and greatly after the priming of RyR via CaMKII activation by conditioning Ca2+ entry, thus, facilitating transmitter exocytosis and its plasticity.
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Authors
Masakazu Kubota, Kazuhiko Narita, Takashi Murayama, Shinichi Suzuki, Satoko Soga, Jiro Usukura, Yasuo Ogawa, Kenji Kuba,