Article ID | Journal | Published Year | Pages | File Type |
---|---|---|---|---|
10954099 | Journal of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology | 2010 | 11 Pages |
Abstract
Cardiomyopathies, familial or sporadic, have become recognized as one of the leading cardiac threats. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) affects 0.2% of the population and is the leading cause of sudden death in young adults. Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) and restrictive cardiomyopathy (RCM) are associated with sudden death as well as heart transplantations. Ventricular noncompaction cardiomyopathy (VNCM) is associated with heart failure and arrhythmias. Currently, more than 630 mutations in 10 sarcomeric genes associated with cardiomyopathy have been identified. HCM is associated with more than 550 mutations, whereas DCM, RCM and VNCM are associated with 52, 14 and 17 mutations, respectively. In many cases, the genes affected present a varying range of phenotypic and pathological severity. Recent data suggest that at least two main genetic determinants are involved in the pathogenesis and phenotypic variability within families afflicted by the same disease-linked gene. Individuals that are homozygous for a mutation or heterozygous for two or more mutations often show more severe phenotypes. Secondly, genetic modifiers are present in some cardiomyopathy patients and are associated with a poorer prognosis. At the protein level, changes in protein-protein interactions may also be important in determining the type of cardiomyopathy caused by different mutations. This review provides insight into the complex cardiovascular phenotypes and genetic variability associated with HCM, DCM, RCM and VNCM.
Keywords
ACTN2MYH6MYBPC3MYL3FHCbeta myosin heavy chainβMHCactAcMyBPCRCMACTCTPM1MYH7ANKRD1TTNDCMSCDRLCTCAPHCMLVHVCLSarcomereά-tropomyosinDilatedfamilialregulatory light chainVentricular noncompactionRestrictiveSudden cardiac deathhypertrophicLeft ventricular hypertrophycardiac myosin binding protein CCardiomyopathyDilated cardiomyopathyRestrictive cardiomyopathyHypertrophic cardiomyopathyFamilial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
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Authors
Qian Xu, Shannamar Dewey, Susan Nguyen, Aldrin V. Gomes,