Changes in physical workload with implementation of mouse-based information technology in air traffic control

Effects on physical workload were quantified when introducing new information technology in air traffic control. Seven female and 7 male air traffic controllers were studied in an old control system, and during simulated—but similar—work in a new, mouse-based system. Postures, movements and muscular load were recorded (inclinometry for head, neck, back and upper arms; goniometry for wrists; electromyography for the trapezius and forearm extensor muscles). The new system was associated with lower movement velocities than the old one (examples: [50th percentiles] head flexion: 2 vs. 5°/s, P<0.01P<0.01; right arm elevation: 3 vs. 6°/s; P<0.01P<0.01; [90th percentile] wrist flexion: 19 vs. 50°/s, P<0.01P<0.01), less varying postures (head: 95th–5th percentile range 17° vs. 34°; P<0.01P<0.01), and less muscular rest in the right forearm extensors (3.5% vs. 9% of time; P<0.05P<0.05). The old/new system differences were amplified at high work intensities. The new air traffic control system caused a major change of physical exposures, probably associated with an increased risk of musculoskeletal disorders in arms and hands.Relevance to industryWhile this study concerned the specific changes in the introduction of a new air traffic control system, we believe that the findings are applicable to similar technological developments in other settings.