Article ID | Journal | Published Year | Pages | File Type |
---|---|---|---|---|
10967587 | Vaccine | 2012 | 8 Pages |
Abstract
⺠As part of the “inflammaging” process, innate immune processes may not only be ineffective, they may result in harmful inflammatory responses to infection. ⺠Increased levels of “bGrzB” activity associated with CMV, may be a common thread between immune dysfunction and the risk for cardiovascular complications of influenza. ⺠The IFN-γ:IL-10 ratio and GrzB activity in influenza-challenged PBMC can be used as biomarkers to firmly establish vaccine-mediated protection/failure. ⺠Adding specific adjuvants may further enhance vaccine responses even in the face of a suboptimal immune system. ⺠Reliance on antibody titers as a sole predictor of vaccine efficacy is a major barrier to the development of more effective influenza vaccines, which remains an unmet need.
Related Topics
Life Sciences
Immunology and Microbiology
Immunology
Authors
Janet E. McElhaney, Xin Zhou, H. Keipp Talbot, Ernst Soethout, R. Chris Bleackley, David J. Granville, Graham Pawelec,