Current issues with the immunization program in Japan: Can we fill the “vaccine gap”?

► The Japanese immunization program is lagging behind compared to other countries. ► Vaccines are categorized as either under the law or voluntary in Japan. ► The rates for voluntary vaccines have been low due to the high economic burden in Japan. ► There are some new movements to fill the “vaccine gap” in Japan. ► A reform of Japanese immunization law is urgently needed to improve the immunization program.